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Slurry 6: Minimisation of Wear in Slurry Systems

Slurry 6 : Minimisation of Wear in Slurry Systems
     1. INTRODUCTION
         1.1. Wear mechanisms
             1.1.1. Abrasion
             1.1.2. Effect of hardness on abrasion
             1.1.3. Effect of Particle shape on abrasion
             1.1.4. Effect of Particle size on abrasion.
             1.1.5. Determination of abrasivity of slurries.
             1.1.6. Effects of lubrication and environment on abrasion
             1.1.7. Solid particle erosion
             1.1.8. Cavitation
         1.2. Range of components affected
         1.3. Types of Slurry
         1.4. Importance of corrosion.
     2. SLURRY TESTING
         2.1. Brief review of literature
             2.1.1. Direct slurry wear tests.
             2.1.2. Slurry pipeline wear tests.
             2.1.3. Slurry Abrasion Tests
             2.1.4. Slurry erosion tests.
             2.1.5. Cavitation erosion tests.
         2.2. Application of test data
     3. WEAR RESISTANT SURFACES
         3.1. Types of Wear resistant surfaces.
             3.1.1 Material performance against abrasion
             3.1.2. Material performance against slurry erosion.
                 3.1.2.1. Slurry erosion maps
             3.1.3. Material performance against cavitation erosion
         3.2. Economic issues.
         3.3. Selection criteria.
             3.3.1. Material selection process
         3.4. Design implications for using surface engineering solutions.
     4. DESIGN FOR MINIMAL WEAR
         4.1. Case studies.
             4.1.1. Improvement in cat cracker slurry pump life [Source Clark & Abbott (1992)]
             4.1.2. Wear-resistant materials for submersible slurry pumps [Source Backmark 1993)]
             4.1.3. Effect of operating conditions of slurry pump erosion [Source Zengwen (1993)].
             4.1.4. Erosion of Offshore Diverter Systems [Source Bourgoyne (1989)]
         4.2. Effect of impingement angle on solid particle erosion
         4.3. Specific design considerations.
             4.3.1. Bends.
             4.3.2. Slurry pumps.
             4.3.3. Slurry pipelines.
     5. REVIEW OF COMPONENT LIFE PREDICTIONS
         5.1 Available predictive equations.
             5.1.1. Conoco equation proposed by Salama and Venkatesh (1983).
             5.1.2. Southwest Research Institute, USA (SwRI).
     6. CONCLUDING REMARKS
     7. NOTATION
     8. REFERENCES
     9 APPENDIX A. WEAR RESISTANT COATING AND MATERIAL MANUFACTURERS AND SPECIALISTS.
         9.1 Ceramic manufacturers:
         9.2 Plastic piping manufacturers:
         9.3 Metallics manufacturers:
         9.4 Wear resistant coatings
         9.5 Coating Equipment manufacturers
         9.6 Reclamation Technologists
     Legal notices

Volume SH 6: Part 1 Minimisation of Wear in Slurry Systems

This part forms of a design guide focused on wear minimisation. The likely wear mechanisms present in slurry systems, abrasion, solid particle erosion and cavitation, are described and the key operating parameters which influence the wear rates caused by each mechanism are identified. These key parameters are used to develop a design guide philosophy such that wear can be minimised through the basic understanding of the fundamental processes present.

The wear resistance of a wide range of materials, determined by laboratory techniques, against abrasion (two and three body), solid particle erosion and cavitation erosion are detailed. Comparative wear performance results are covered in some detail for steels, Stellites, hard metals (Cemented tungsten carbides), advanced ceramics, advanced coating technologies and plastics. Guidance is given as to the possible selection criteria which takes into account a range of service conditions to which the equipment under design could be subjected.

Design implications of minimising wear of pumps, valves, pipe bends and pipelines are discussed and case histories are presented to illustrate the points raised in the guide. The current predictive equations for slurry erosion are reviewed to allow the designer to calculate approximate wear rates in pipeline systems. The limitations of the use of such equations are also highlighted. A list of wear resistant materials and coating/surface engineering companies is given with their associated product range.


Volume SH 6: Part 2 Wear in Slurry Systems

To be issued.